How do high-level languages differ from low-level languages?

High-level languages and low-level languages are two types of programming languages that differ in terms of their level of abstraction, complexity, and efficiency.

Abstraction Level

High-level languages provide a higher level of abstraction from the hardware, allowing developers to focus more on the problem-solving aspect of programming rather than the specific details of the underlying hardware. Low-level languages, on the other hand, provide a closer representation of the hardware and require developers to have a deeper understanding of computer architecture.

Complexity

High-level languages are generally easier to learn and use, as they use English-like syntax and provide built-in functions and libraries that simplify programming tasks. Low-level languages, however, are more complex and require the programmer to manage memory and hardware resources manually.

Efficiency

Low-level languages are more efficient in terms of performance, as they allow for more control over the hardware and memory management. High-level languages, while sacrificing some performance, are more productive and allow for faster development of software applications.

In conclusion, high-level languages offer a higher level of abstraction, lower complexity, and better productivity, while low-level languages provide more efficiency and greater control over hardware resources. The choice between high-level and low-level languages depends on the specific requirements of the software project and the trade-offs between abstraction and performance.