How does radiation affect human DNA?

Radiation can damage human DNA, leading to mutations that can have various impacts on human health, including potentially causing cancer. When radiation interacts with cells in the body, it can break chemical bonds within the DNA molecules, causing damage. This damage can manifest in different ways, affecting the cell's ability to function properly.

Types of Radiation and their Effects on Cells

There are different types of radiation, including ionizing radiation (gamma rays, X-rays, and certain particles) and non-ionizing radiation (UV rays, visible light, and infrared radiation). Ionizing radiation is of particular concern as it has enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, leading to ionization and potential DNA damage within cells.

Protection from Radiation Exposure

There are several ways to protect yourself from radiation exposure, such as minimizing exposure time, increasing distance from radiation sources, and using shielding materials like lead or concrete. Additionally, wearing protective gear during radiation therapy or when working in environments with radiation can help reduce exposure levels.

In case of DNA damage, cells have mechanisms for repair. However, unrepaired or improperly repaired DNA damage can lead to genetic mutations that may contribute to the development of cancer. It is essential to understand the risks associated with radiation exposure and take appropriate precautions to avoid potential harm to human health.