How does cognitive psychology explain problem-solving strategies?

Cognitive psychology delves into the intricate processes that our minds undertake when encountering obstacles and finding solutions. Problem-solving strategies involve a series of cognitive mechanisms that work together to navigate challenges effectively.

Mental processes involved in problem-solving:

• Problem formulation: Identifying and defining the problem at hand.
• Problem representation: Mapping out the problem and possible solutions.
• Analytical thinking: Using reason and logic to evaluate possible solutions.
• Critical thinking: Assessing the validity and effectiveness of each solution.
• Heuristic strategies: Employing rule-of-thumb techniques to simplify decision-making.
• Trial and error: Testing different approaches until a solution is found.
• Insight: Suddenly grasping the solution through a moment of clarity.
• Creativity: Thinking outside the box to generate novel and effective solutions.

Cognitive flexibility and decision-making:

Cognitive psychology also highlights the importance of cognitive flexibility in adapting problem-solving strategies based on changing circumstances. Making informed decisions requires weighing the pros and cons of different options while managing cognitive load to prevent mental overload.