How do comets differ from asteroids?

Comets and asteroids are both celestial bodies found in our solar system, but they have distinct differences in terms of compositions, orbits, and appearances.

Compositions

Comets are composed of ice, dust, and rocky material, giving them a more fragile and volatile nature. When comets approach the Sun, they develop a glowing coma and a tail due to the heat causing them to sublimate. On the other hand, asteroids are mostly made of metals and rocky materials, making them solid and dense objects.

Orbits

Comets typically have elongated and elliptical orbits that take them far from the Sun and then back close to it. This results in the famous tail formation as the comet nears the Sun. In contrast, asteroids have more circular orbits primarily located in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.

Appearances

Comets are known for their spectacular tails that develop as they pass close to the Sun, making them appear as bright and dynamic objects in the sky. Asteroids, on the other hand, have a more stationary appearance and do not exhibit tails or comas.

In conclusion, while comets and asteroids share similarities as celestial bodies in our solar system, their compositions, orbits, and appearances set them apart and make them unique objects of study for astronomers and scientists.