What were the key contributions of Charles Darwin to evolutionary theory?

Charles Darwin, a renowned naturalist, made significant contributions to the field of evolutionary theory. His groundbreaking work revolutionized the way we understand the origin and development of species. Some of his key contributions include:

Natural Selection

Darwin proposed the concept of natural selection, suggesting that individuals better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This process leads to the gradual evolution of species over time, as organisms with advantageous traits pass them on to their offspring.

Origin of Species

In his seminal work "On the Origin of Species," Darwin introduced the idea that all species are descended from a common ancestor through a process of descent with modification. This theory laid the foundation for modern evolutionary biology.

Survival of the Fittest

Darwin's theory of natural selection is often summarized by the phrase "survival of the fittest." This concept highlights the importance of adaptation and genetic variation in determining which individuals are most likely to thrive in a given environment.

Overall, Darwin's contributions to evolutionary theory have had a profound impact on our understanding of the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. His work continues to shape fields such as evolutionary psychology, which seeks to explain human behavior in terms of our evolutionary history.