What is asthma and what causes it?

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that affects the airways in the lungs. It is characterized by inflammation and constriction of the airways, which can lead to symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and difficulty breathing. Asthma can vary in severity from person to person, and some individuals may have mild symptoms while others may experience more severe asthma attacks.

Airway Inflammation and Constriction

The main features of asthma include airway inflammation, which causes swelling and an increase in mucus production, as well as airway constriction, where the muscles around the airways tighten, making it difficult for air to pass through.

Common Asthma Triggers

There are several factors that can trigger asthma symptoms, including:

• Allergens such as pollen, dust mites, pet dander, and mold
• Respiratory infections like the common cold or flu
• Environmental factors such as tobacco smoke, air pollution, and strong odors

Identifying and avoiding these triggers can help individuals with asthma manage their symptoms and reduce the risk of asthma attacks.