How is TB diagnosed?

Tuberculosis (TB) can be challenging to diagnose due to its diverse symptoms and similarities to other respiratory illnesses. Early detection is crucial to prevent the spread of the disease and start treatment promptly. Various diagnostic methods are used to detect TB effectively.

TB Imaging Tests

Imaging tests such as chest X-rays or CT scans are essential in diagnosing pulmonary TB. These tests can reveal abnormalities in the lungs and help in confirming the presence of TB.

TB Skin Tests

The tuberculin skin test (TST) or Mantoux test involves injecting a small amount of tuberculin under the skin. A raised, red bump indicates a positive result, suggesting exposure to TB bacteria.

TB Laboratory Tests

Laboratory tests are crucial for confirming TB diagnosis. The most common test is sputum microscopy, where a sample of sputum is examined under a microscope for TB bacteria. Other tests include nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) and cultures to identify the presence of TB bacteria.

Quick and accurate diagnosis is essential for initiating proper treatment and preventing the spread of TB. Healthcare providers may use a combination of these diagnostic tools to confirm TB infection and tailor treatment management accordingly.