How is statistical significance determined in medical research?

Statistical significance in medical research is determined through hypothesis testing, where researchers set up null and alternative hypotheses. The p-value, which is the probability of obtaining results as extreme as the observed results, is then calculated. If the p-value is less than the pre-determined significance level (often set at 0.05), the null hypothesis is rejected, indicating statistical significance.

Factors influencing significance levels

Several factors can influence statistical significance levels in medical research. The sample size plays a crucial role, as larger samples tend to produce more reliable results. Additionally, the effect size, which measures the strength of the relationship between variables, can impact significance levels. A larger effect size often leads to higher statistical significance.

Importance for validating study findings

Determining statistical significance is essential in validating study findings in medical research. It helps researchers draw conclusions about the relationships between variables and assess the effectiveness of interventions. Statistical significance provides confidence in the results and allows for informed decision-making in healthcare practices.